Role of Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress, Longevity Genes and Poly(ADPribose) Polymerase in Cardiovascular Dysfunction Associated with Aging

Authors: Csiszar, Anna; Pacher, Pal; Kaley, Gabor; Ungvari, Zoltan

Source: Current Vascular Pharmacology, Volume 3, Number 3, July 2005 , pp. 285-291(7)

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers

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Abstract:

Epidemiological studies demonstrated that even in the absence of other risk factors (e.g. diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia), advanced age itself significantly increases cardiovascular morbidity. Although aging is inevitable, cardiovascular gerontologists recognize that a better understanding of the aging process in the not-so-distant future will lead to pharmacological interventions that considerably delay the functional decline of the cardiovascular system. Since the original publishing of the free radical theory of aging, an increased production of reactive oxygen species has been implicated both in the aging process and the development of age-related cardiovascular diseases. This review focuses on the role of oxidative and nitrosative stress in cardiovascular dysfunction in aging, downstream mechanisms including activation of NF-kB, and the role of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) and longevity genes that are linked to regulation of cellular redox status and oxidative stress resistance (p66shc, sirtuins, FOXO transcription factors).

Keywords: endothelium; heart; coronary circulation; senescence; inflammation; gene expression; redox status; peroxynitrite

Document Type: Review article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570161054368616

Affiliations: 1: Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 10595, USA.

Publication date: 2005-07-01

More about this publication?

Vascular disease is the commonest cause of death in Westernized countries and its incidence is on the increase in developing countries. It follows that considerable research is directed at establishing effective treatment for acute vascular events. Long-term treatment has also received considerable attention (e.g. for symptomatic relief). Furthermore, effective prevention, whether primary or secondary, is backed by the findings of several landmark trials.

Vascular disease is a complex field with primary care physicians and nurse practitioners as well as several specialties involved. The latter include cardiology, vascular and cardio thoracic surgery, general medicine, radiology, clinical pharmacology and neurology (stroke units). Current Vascular Pharmacology will publish reviews to update all those concerned with the treatment of vascular disease. For example, reviews commenting on recently published trials or new drugs will be included. In addition to clinically relevant topics we will consider 'research-based' reviews dealing with future developments and potential drug targets. Therefore, another function of Current Vascular Pharmacology is to bridge the gap between clinical practice and ongoing research.

Debates will also be encouraged in the correspondence section of this journal.

Role of Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress, Longevity Genes and Poly(ADPribose) Polymerase in Cardiovascular Dysfunction Associated with Aging

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