Authors: Wadhwa, Sheetu; Paliwal, Rishi; Paliwal, Shivani R.; Vyas, S. P.

Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design, Volume 15, Number 23, August 2009 , pp. 2724-2750(27)

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers

Abstract:

Controlled drug delivery to eye is one of the most challenging fields of pharmaceutical research. Low drugcontact time and poor ocular bioavailability due to drainage of solution, tear turnover and its dilution or lacrimation are the problems associated with conventional systems. In addition, anatomical barriers and physiological conditions of eye are also important parameters which control designing of drug delivery systems. Nanosized carriers like micro/nanosuspensions, liposome, niosome, dendrimer, nanoparticles, ocular inserts, implants, hydrogels and prodrug approaches have been developed for this purpose. These novel systems offer manifold advantages over conventional systems as they increase the efficiency of drug delivery by improving the release profile and also reduce drug toxicity. Conventional delivery systems get diluted with tear, washed away through the lacrimal gland and usually require administering at regular time intervals whereas nanocarriers release drug at constant rate for a prolonged period of time and thus enhance its absorption and site specific delivery. This review presents an overview of the various aspects of the ocular drug delivery, with special emphasis on nanocarrier based strategies, including structure of eye, its barriers, delivery routes and the challenges/ limitations associated with development of novel nanocarriers. The recent progresses in therapy of ocular disease like gene therapy have also been included so that future options should also be considered from the delivery point of view. Recent progress in the delivery of proteins and peptides via ocular route has also been incorporated for reader benefit.

Keywords: Nanocarrier; eye; drug delivery; gene therapy

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161209788923886

Affiliations: 1: Nanomedicine Research Centre, Department of Pharmaceutics, Indo-Soviet Friendship College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, Índia.

Publication date: 2009-08-01

More about this publication?

• Current Pharmaceutical Design publishes timely in-depth reviews covering all aspects of current research in rational drug design. Each issue is devoted to a single major therapeutic area. A Guest Editor who is an acknowledged authority in a therapeutic field has solicits for each issue comprehensive and timely reviews from leading researchers in the pharmaceutical industry and academia.
  
  Each thematic issue of Current Pharmaceutical Design covers all subject areas of major importance to modern drug design, including: medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, drug targets and disease mechanism.

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