Fish and Apoptosis: Molecules and Pathways

Authors: dos Santos, N. M.S.; Vale, A. d.; Reis, M. I.R.; Silva, M. T.

Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design, Volume 14, Number 2, January 2008 , pp. 148-169(22)

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers

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Abstract:

Apoptosis is a genetically controlled and evolutionarily conserved form of active cell death, albeit with an increase in complexity with continuing development. A high conservation at the functional and molecular level has been described between the players of the apoptotic machinery in invertebrates (Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila) and mammals. However, fish represent an excellent and advantageous model for the study of vertebrate development and disease, bridging the gap between the C. elegans/Drosophila and mouse/human models. Moreover, contrary to C. elegans and Drosophila, fish can be used for studying the development and function of vertebrate-specific organs and have a fully developed immune system similar to that of mammals. Last but not less important, both the environment and human health will obviously gain by using the knowledge generated through the use of fish models, for developing better prophylactic and therapeutic measures with impact on the aquaculture industry. In the present article, structural and functional data on the most important apoptosis related molecules, namely death-receptor, Bcl-2 and caspase families, and mechanisms are reviewed. The data point to the existence in fish of apoptotic pathways equivalent to those of mammals, making fish useful animal models for studying apoptosis, which may have great applicability for the advance of the knowledge on the role of apoptotic cell death in human apoptosisrelated disorders as well as in pharmaceutical design.

Keywords: Fish; Apoptosis; Death receptors; Bcl-2 family; Caspases; Intrinsic pathway; Extrinsic pathway; Apoptosis models

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161208783378743

Affiliations: 1: IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal.

Publication date: 2008-01-01

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Current Pharmaceutical Design publishes timely in-depth reviews covering all aspects of current research in rational drug design. Each issue is devoted to a single major therapeutic area. A Guest Editor who is an acknowledged authority in a therapeutic field has solicits for each issue comprehensive and timely reviews from leading researchers in the pharmaceutical industry and academia.

Each thematic issue of Current Pharmaceutical Design covers all subject areas of major importance to modern drug design, including: medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, drug targets and disease mechanism.

Fish and Apoptosis: Molecules and Pathways

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