Authors: Ventura, M. T.; Viola, M.; Gaeta, F.; Di Leo, E.; Buquicchio, R.; Romano, A.

Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design, Volume 12, Number 26, September 2006 , pp. 3401-3410(10)

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers

Abstract:

Adverse reactions after administration of ophthalmic products have frequently been observed. These reactions can be provoked by both active principles and excipients. Different pathogenic mechanisms have been suggested for such reactions, including immunologic ones. Basophils and mast cells participate in IgE-mediated reactions through the release of mediators like histamine and tryptase, whereas a T-cell-mediated pathogenic mechanism is involved in most delayed reactions, particularly conjunctival ones and eyelid dermatitis. Prick tests and immediate-reading intradermal tests are carried out to diagnose immediate hypersensitivity reactions, while patch tests are usually performed to evaluate delayed reactions. Other diagnostic tests, such as serum-specific IgE assays in immediate reactions, as well as delayed-reading intradermal tests and/or lymphocyte transformation tests in delayed ones, are rarely performed.

In this review, particular attention is addressed to the clinical and practical aspects of both cell-mediated and IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions to ophthalmic products.

Keywords: ophthalmic products; eye drops; preservatives; hypersensitivity reactions; patch tests

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161206778194024

Affiliations: 1: Department of Internal Medicine,Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Bari, Policlinico,Piazza G. Cesare n° 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.

Publication date: 2006-09-01

More about this publication?

• Current Pharmaceutical Design publishes timely in-depth reviews covering all aspects of current research in rational drug design. Each issue is devoted to a single major therapeutic area. A Guest Editor who is an acknowledged authority in a therapeutic field has solicits for each issue comprehensive and timely reviews from leading researchers in the pharmaceutical industry and academia.
  
  Each thematic issue of Current Pharmaceutical Design covers all subject areas of major importance to modern drug design, including: medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, drug targets and disease mechanism.

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