Authors: Yamagishi, Sho-ichi; Imaizumi, T.

Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design, Volume 11, Number 18, July 2005 , pp. 2279-2299(21)

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers

Abstract:

Diabetic vascular complication is a leading cause of end-stage renal failure, acquired blindness, a variety of neuropathies and accelerated atherosclerosis, which could account for disabilities and high mortality rates in patients with diabetes. Recent large prospective clinical studies have shown that intensive glucose control reduces effectively microvascular complications among patients with diabetes, and insulin resistance and postprandial hyperglycemia seem to be involved in diabetic macrovascular complications. Chronic hyperglycemia is a major initiator of diabetic vascular complications. Indeed, high glucose, via various mechanisms such as increased production of advanced glycation end products, activation of protein kinase C, stimulation of the polyol pathway and enhanced reactive oxygen species generation, regulates vascular inflammation, altered gene expression of growth factors and cytokines, and platelet and macrophage activation, thus playing a central role in the development and progression of diabetic vascular complications. This article summarizes the molecular mechanisms of diabetic vascular complications and the potential therapeutic interventions that may prevent these disorders even in the presence of hyperglycemia, control of which is often difficult with current therapeutic options.

Keywords: diabetic vascular complications; atherosclerosis; ages; oxidative stress; pkc; polyol pathway; renin-angiotensin system; insulin resistance

Document Type: Review article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612054367300

Affiliations: 1: Department of Internal Medicine III, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan.

Publication date: 2005-07-01

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• Current Pharmaceutical Design publishes timely in-depth reviews covering all aspects of current research in rational drug design. Each issue is devoted to a single major therapeutic area. A Guest Editor who is an acknowledged authority in a therapeutic field has solicits for each issue comprehensive and timely reviews from leading researchers in the pharmaceutical industry and academia.
  
  Each thematic issue of Current Pharmaceutical Design covers all subject areas of major importance to modern drug design, including: medicinal chemistry, pharmacology, drug targets and disease mechanism.

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