Authors: Shaikh, I. M.; Jadhav, K. R.; Ganga, S.; Kadam, V. J.; Pisal, S. S.

Source: Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Volume 6, Number 5, October 2005 , pp. 387-395(9)

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers

Abstract:

Diabetes is a syndrome of disordered metabolism and inappropriate hyperglycemia resulting from a deficiency of insulin secretion or insulin resistance. Insulin, a pancreatic hormone, helps to lower the blood sugar levels. The structural features of insulin and insulin receptors are summarized. Diabetic patients use insulin in the form of injections, which involves lots of pain, and a need for non-invasive, alternative mode of insulin administration is desired. These challenges have lead to attempts in insulin therapy using oral, nasal, pulmonary, rectal, transdermal, buccal, gene therapy, islet cell transplantation and diabetes vaccine. Among all the approaches pulmonary administration has achieved some clinical significance. Future approaches that can be exploited for insulin therapy in Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus [IDDM] have been summarized. Insulin inhalers or tablets for IDDM are interesting alternatives.

Keywords: diabetes; insulin delivery; alternative approaches; gene therapy; islet cell transplantation; diabetes vaccine

Document Type: Review article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920105774370599

Affiliations: 1: Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth's College of Pharmacy, CBD Belapur, Sector-8, Navi- Mumbai-400614, India.

Publication date: 2005-10-01

More about this publication?

• Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology aims to cover all the latest and outstanding developments in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology. Each issue of the journal contains a series of timely in-depth reviews written by leaders in the field covering a range of current topics in both pre-clinical and clinical areas of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology is an essential journal for academic, clinical, government and pharmaceutical scientists who wish to be kept informed and up-to-date with the latest and most important developments.

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• In this Subject: Nutrition & Food ,  Biotechnology ,  Pharmacology
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