Authors: Ryan, Miriam; Livingstone, M. B.E.; Ritz, Patrick

Source: Current Nutrition & Food Science, Volume 2, Number 1, February 2006 , pp. 51-58(8)

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers

Abstract:

The majority of type 2 diabetic patients are overweight and any excess weight, or weight gain, adversely affects glycaemic control. Paradoxically, antidiabetic agents used to improve glycaemic control are frequently associated with weight gain, particularly insulin therapy. Such weight gain further deteriorates glycaemic control and increases insulin resistance. Understanding body weight regulation in type 2 diabetic patients is therefore necessary to better adapt for the effect of such medication on weight. Expressed in terms of energy, weight gain results from positive energy balance. Positive energy balance in type 2 diabetes is most usually attributed to decreased energy expenditure and the cessation of glycosuric energy loss following the initiation of hypoglycaemic treatment. It appears from current literature however that these two factors, even in combination, cannot completely explain observed weight gain. Indeed, the precise contribution of energy intake and appetite, a key determinant of energy intake, to this positive energy balance remains a black box. In this review the potential contribution of a change in feeding regimen to weight gain associated with insulin treatment is assessed, with particular attention being paid to insulin's effect within the brain.

Keywords: Weight gain; insulin; diabetes; energy intake

Document Type: Research article

Affiliations: 1: Service de Médecine BCHU, 4 Rue Larrey, F-49033 Angers, Cedex 09, France.

Publication date: 2006-02-01

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• Current Nutrition & Food Science publishes frontier reviews on all the latest advances on basic and clinical nutrition and food sciences. The journal's aim is to publish the highest quality review articles dedicated to research in the field. The journal is essential reading for all nutrition and food scientists.

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