Diketoacid Inhibitors of HIV-1 Integrase: From L-708,906 to Raltegravir and Beyond

Authors: D. Beare, K.; J. Coster, M.; J. Rutledge, P.

Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry, Volume 19, Number 8, March 2012 , pp. 1177-1192(16)

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers

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Abstract:

HIV-1 integrase is one of the three viral enzymes essential to HIV replication. Consequently the development of therapeutics targeting this enzyme has been a major focus of antiretroviral research over the past two decades. Several classes of integrase inhibitors have been identified; of these the diketoacids (DKAs) show greatest promise: raltegravir (Merck & Co) has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for HIV-1 therapy, while elvitegravir (Gilead Sciences/ Japan Tobacco) has reached phase III clinical trials. This review considers the development of DKA-based inhibitors from early screening studies through to the release of raltegravir. SAR data collated from numerous studies are compared and analysed, shedding light on the geometric and electronic requirements for effective binding to HIV-1 integrase. This information will in turn aid the rational design of future generations of integrase inhibitors.

Keywords: AIDS; antiretroviral drugs; diketoacid; DKA; elvitegravir; HIV; HIV-1 integrase; integramycin; integrase inhibitors; raltegravir; SAR

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986712799320565

Publication date: 2012-03-01

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Current Medicinal Chemistry covers all the latest and outstanding developments in medicinal chemistry and rational drug design. Each issue contains a series of timely in-depth reviews written by leaders in the field covering a range of the current topics in medicinal chemistry. Current Medicinal Chemistry is an essential journal for every medicinal chemist who wishes to be kept informed and up-to-date with the latest and most important developments.