Authors: Somsak, L.; Czifrak, K.; Toth, M.; Bokor, E.; Chrysina, E. D.; Alexacou, K.-M.; Hayes, J. M.; Tiraidis, C.; Lazoura, E.; Leonidas, D. D.; Zographos, S. E.; Oikonomakos, N. G.

Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry, Volume 15, Number 28, December 2008 , pp. 2933-2983(51)

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers

Abstract:

The protein glycogen phosphorylase has been linked to type 2 diabetes, indicating the importance of this target to human health. Hence, the search for potent and selective inhibitors of this enzyme, which may lead to antihyperglycaemic drugs, has received particular attention. Glycogen phosphorylase is a typical allosteric protein with five different ligand binding sites, thus offering multiple opportunities for modulation of enzyme activity. The present survey is focused on recent new molecules, potential inhibitors of the enzyme. The biological activity can be modified by these molecules through direct binding, allosteric effects or other structural changes. Progress in our understanding of the mechanism of action of these inhibitors has been made by the determination of high-resolution enzyme inhibitor structures (both muscle and liver). The knowledge of the three-dimensional structures of protein-ligand complexes allows analysis of how the ligands interact with the target and has the potential to facilitate structure-based drug design. In this review, the synthesis, structure determination and computational studies of the most recent inhibitors of glycogen phosphorylase at the different binding sites are presented and analyzed.

Keywords: Glycogen phosphorylase; inhibitor; type 2 diabetes; structure-based drug design; antidiabetic agent

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986708786848659

Affiliations: 1: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, POB 20, H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary.

Publication date: 2008-12-01

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• Current Medicinal Chemistry covers all the latest and outstanding developments in medicinal chemistry and rational drug design. Each issue contains a series of timely in-depth reviews written by leaders in the field covering a range of the current topics in medicinal chemistry. Current Medicinal Chemistry is an essential journal for every medicinal chemist who wishes to be kept informed and up-to-date with the latest and most important developments.

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• By this author: Somsak, L. ;  Czifrak, K. ;  Toth, M. ;  Bokor, E. ;  Chrysina, E. D. ;  Alexacou, K.-M. ;  Hayes, J. M. ;  Tiraidis, C. ;  Lazoura, E. ;  Leonidas, D. D. ;  Zographos, S. E. ;  Oikonomakos, N. G.

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