Isoxazole Ionotropic Glutamate Neurotransmitters

Authors: Burkhart David J.; Natale N. R.

Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry, Volume 12, Number 5, March 2005 , pp. 617-627(11)

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers

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Abstract:

Analogs of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate are potential medicinal agents for a wide variety of neurological disorders. The isoxazole glutamate derivatives represent an important class of compounds because of their receptor specificity and binding affinity. Since the discovery of (S)-2-amino-3-(3- hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolyl) propionic acid (AMPA) in 1980, numerous analogs built around the isoxazole scaffold have shown remarkable selectivity for specific ionotropic glutamate receptors, but strong side effects in human clinical trials have shown the need for improvement. Trends revealed by structure activity relationship and crystallographic studies indicate the role of stereochemistry may be important in uncovering the prerequisite selectivity, which would give rise to effective therapeutics for neurological dysfunction of the glutamate receptor.

Keywords: central nervous system; heterogeneous ionotropic glutamate receptors; ampa; kainic acid; transmembrane domains

Document Type: Review article

Affiliations: 1: 301 Renfrew Hall, Department of Chemistry University of Idaho. Moscow, ID 83844-2343, USA.

Publication date: 2005-03-01

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Current Medicinal Chemistry covers all the latest and outstanding developments in medicinal chemistry and rational drug design. Each issue contains a series of timely in-depth reviews written by leaders in the field covering a range of the current topics in medicinal chemistry. Current Medicinal Chemistry is an essential journal for every medicinal chemist who wishes to be kept informed and up-to-date with the latest and most important developments.