Novel Chelators Targeting Cell Cycle Arrest, Acetylcholinesterase, and Monoamine Oxidase for Alzheimer's Therapy
The recent finding that acetylcholinesterase (AChE) colocalizes with β-amyloid (Aβ), promotes and accelerates Aβ aggregation has renewed an intense interest in developing new multitarget AChE inhibitors as potential diseasemodifying drugs for Alzheimer's therapy. In
this review, we first briefly discuss the linkage and complex interplay among the three characteristic hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD): amyloid (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and cholinergic hypofunction. We then review the recent studies on the four marketed
cholinesterase inhibitors in term of their multiple activities, potential disease-modifying effects, and the underlying mechanisms of these actions. We finally focus on a new emerging strategy or multitarget AChE inhibitors as effective drugs for AD therapy. We explore some examples of multitarget
ChE inhibitors developed in our own and other laboratories, which were purposely designed to address multiple AD etiological targets. These new AChE inhibitors hold great promise for improving cognitive functions in AD patients, slowing down the disease progression, as well as treating behavior
problems related to AD.
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Disease-modifying drugs; NMDA receptor antagonists; cholinesterase inhibitors; metal chelators; monoamine oxidase inhibitors; multitarget drugs; β-secretase inhibitors
Document Type: Research Article
Publication date: 01 July 2012
- Current Drug Targets aims to cover the latest and most outstanding developments on the medicinal chemistry and pharmacology of molecular drug targets e.g. disease specific proteins, receptors, enzymes, genes. Each issue of the journal will be devoted to a single timely topic, with series of in-depth reviews, written by leaders in the field, covering a range of current topics on drug targets. These issues will be organized and led by a guest editor who is a recognized expert in the overall topic. As the discovery, identification, characterisation and validation of novel human drug targets for drug discovery continues to grow; this journal will be essential reading for all pharmaceutical scientists involved in drug discovery and development.
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