Hyperglycemia Induced Changes in Liver: In vivo and In vitro Studies

Authors: Dey, Aparajita; Chandrasekaran, Karthikeyan

Source: Current Diabetes Reviews, Volume 5, Number 2, May 2009 , pp. 67-78(12)

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers

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Abstract:

Diabetes, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia, has reached serious epidemic proportions. It is also not infrequent to find increased incidence of liver injury in diabetics and hyperglycemia plays an important role in promoting liver injury through several mechanisms. The following review identifies the pathways through which hyperglycemia causes changes in liver of various animal models and liver cell culture models, and elucidates the mechanisms and consequences of hyperglycemia induced liver injury in humans. Some of the pathways which are hyperglycemia driven include increased oxidative and nitrosative stress, activation of stress signaling pathways and increased cytokine levels, impairment of protective mechanisms such as the expression of molecular chaperones and proteosome activity, and dysregulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Thus, hyperglycemia induced changes in the liver's cellular environment in in vitro and in vivo models have been documented extensively in the literature.

Keywords: High glucose; Liver; Animal models; Hepatocytes; HepG2; Steatohepatitis

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339909788166864

Publication date: 2009-05-01

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Current Diabetes Reviews publishes frontier reviews on all the latest advances on diabetes and its related areas e.g. pharmacology, pathogenesis, complications, epidemiology, clinical care, and therapy.

The journal's aim is to publish the highest quality review articles dedicated to clinical research in the field. The journal is essential reading for all researchers and clinicians who are involved in the field of diabetes.