Diabetic Vasculopathy and the Lectin-Like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1 (LOX-1)

Authors: Renier, Genevieve; Maingrette, Fritz; Li, Ling

Source: Current Diabetes Reviews, Volume 3, Number 2, May 2007 , pp. 103-110(8)

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers

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Abstract:

Type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased incidence of coronary heart disease and cardiovascular complications. One crucial step in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis is the unregulated uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) by vascular wall components through scavenger receptors. Identification of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) as the major receptor for oxLDL in endothelial cells has provided a new clue to the mechanisms involved in oxLDL accumulation in the vessel wall. This receptor, by facilitating the uptake of oxLDL, induces endothelial dysfunction and mediates numerous oxLDL-induced proatherogenic effects. Besides endothelial cells, LOX-1 is also expressed by smooth muscle cells and macrophages. In these cells, LOX- 1 may function as a scavenger receptor and promote foam cell formation. Notably, LOX-1 is induced by multiple stimuli relevant to atherogenesis and inflammation and is up-regulated in various proatherogenic conditions, including diabetes. As such, activation of vascular cells by oxLDL through LOX-1 may be relevant to the development and progression of human diabetic vasculopathy. This review summarizes recent advances related to the role of LOX-1 in atherosclerosis, its regulation by metabolic and inflammatory factors relevant to diabetes and the impact of these factors on LOX-1-mediated proatherogenic events linked to diabetic vasculopathy.

Keywords: Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein recep; Diabetes; Endothelial dysfunction; Inflammation; Hyperglycemia; Fatty acids

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339907780598225

Affiliations: 1: CHUM Research Centre,Notre-Dame Hospital, Mailloux Pavilion, K5207, 1560 Sherbrooke Street East, Montreal, Quebec, H2L 4M1, Canada.

Publication date: 2007-05-01

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Current Diabetes Reviews publishes frontier reviews on all the latest advances on diabetes and its related areas e.g. pharmacology, pathogenesis, complications, epidemiology, clinical care, and therapy.

The journal's aim is to publish the highest quality review articles dedicated to clinical research in the field. The journal is essential reading for all researchers and clinicians who are involved in the field of diabetes.

Diabetic Vasculopathy and the Lectin-Like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1 (LOX-1)

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