Author: Pankaj Modi,

Source: Current Drug Discovery Technologies, Volume 4, Number 1, June 2007 , pp. 39-47(9)

Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers

Abstract:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a progressive disease characterized by insulin deficiency and insulin resistance or both. The fasting and post-prandial blood glucose is elevated, exposing the patient to acute and chronic complications (micro- and macro-vascular) leading to blindness, kidney failure, heart disease, stroke and amputations. Improving glycemic control has been demonstrated to lower the risk of these complications. Owing to the progressive nature of the disease, an evolving treatment strategy is necessary to maintain glycemic control.

Varieties of new pharmacologic interventions are developed in past 5 years to treat people with diabetes. Several studies have been carried out covering different aspects of pharmacological interventions (newer and old drugs) along with the effects of weight loss, diet and exercise. Two categories of drugs have been used for the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus: the insulin and oral agents. Insulin analogues are molecules that differ from human insulin in amino acid sequence but bind to the insulin receptors and act similarly in function.

This article provides an update of pharmacologic interventions for diabetes with practical overview of the new drug options, new insulin analogues, pharmacology, clinical efficacy, safety, dosing, cost, with specific examples of each and their background and side effects used to achieve tight glucose control. These agents have distinct characteristics that help in their selection for the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus (DM); type-1 diabetes; type-2 diabetes; thiazolidinediones; insulin secretagogues; biguanides; glucosidase inhibitors; meglitinide analogues; HbA1c; incretin

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016307781115476

Publication date: 2007-06-01

More about this publication?

• Due to the plethora of new approaches being used in modern drug discovery by the pharmaceutical industry, Current Drug Discovery Technologies has been established to provide comprehensive overviews of all the major modern techniques and technologies used in drug design and discovery. The journal is the forum for publishing both original research papers and reviews describing novel approaches and cutting edge technologies used in all stages of drug discovery. The journal addresses the multidimensional challenges of drug discovery science including integration issues of the drug discovery process.
  
  Current Drug Discovery Technologies is an essential journal for all scientists and research managers involved in drug discovery who wish to keep abreast of all the modern techniques and technologies used in drug discovery.

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