@article {Yang:2011:1533-4880:1807,
	author = "Yang, Jae-Sik and Vang, Mong-Sook and Uhm, So-Won and Chung, Young-Suk and Lee, Kyung-Ku and Lee, Doh-Jae and Chung, Hyun-Ju and Kim, Young-Joon",
	title = "Response of Fetal Rat Calvarial Cells to Nanotubular Titanium Oxide Surface",
	journal = "Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology",
	volume = "11",
	number = "2",
	year = "2011",
	abstract = "This study examined the cell response to a TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanotubular surface (Ti-NT) for future biomedical applications. The level of cell attachment and spreading at 20 min and 60 min was evaluated by SEM. IL-6 and PGE<SUB>2</SUB> secretion was evaluated by ELISA. In SEM analysis, the Ti-NT surface had more fully spread cells compared to the machined titanium surface (Ti-S). ELISA revealed that the level of IL-6 and PGE<SUB>2</SUB> production was higher on the Ti-NT than on the Ti-S. These results suggest that a surface treatment with a nanotubular TiO<SUB>2</SUB> surface enhances the early osteoblast responses, such as cell spreading and cytokine release, which are important for subsequent cell functions and bone healing <I>in vivo</I>.",
	pages = "1807-1810",
	url = "http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/asp/jnn/2011/00000011/00000002/art00180",
	doi = "doi:10.1166/jnn.2011.3413",
	keyword = "CYTOKINES, OSTEOBLAST, NANOTUBE, ANODIZATION"
}