Authors: Murshed, S. M. Sohel; Leong, Kai Choong; Yang, Chun

Source: Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Volume 8, Number 11, November 2008 , pp. 5966-5971(6)

Publisher: American Scientific Publishers

Abstract:

The effects of pH value, surfactant, and electrolyte concentration on zeta potential, particle agglomeration, and thermal conductivity of nanofluids are investigated. The zeta potential of TiO₂ (15 nm) nanoparticles in deionized water of different pH values was measured and the iso-electric point was found to be between 4.9 and 5.2. Addition of surfactant in the base fluid increases the zeta potential and thus increases the effective thermal conductivity of nanofluids. The results show that the higher the electrolyte concentration, the smaller the particle zeta potential, which results in increased agglomeration of particles. The enhanced thermal conductivity of TiO₂/deionized water-based nanofluids was found to decrease with increasing pH value or electrolyte concentration. At 0.2 volume percentage of TiO₂ nanoparticles, the decrease of thermal conductivity of nanofluids was within 2% when the pH value or electrolyte concentration was increased from 3.4 to 9 or 0.01 mM to 10 mM, respectively. The hydrodynamic diameter of agglomerated nanoparticles in base fluid was also measured and found to increase with increasing electrolyte concentration.

Keywords: NANOPARTICLES; NANOFLUIDS; PH VALUE; ELECTROLYTE CONCENTRATION; ZETA POTENTIAL; THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.329

Publication date: 2008-11-01

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