@article {Jian:2008:1533-4880:202,
title = "Size Dependent Magnetization and High-Vacuum Annealing Enhanced Ferromagnetism in Zn1x Co x O Nanowires",
journal = "Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology",
parent_itemid = "infobike://asp/jnn",
publishercode ="asp",
year = "2008",
volume = "8",
number = "1",
publication date ="2008-01-01T00:00:00",
pages = "202-211",
itemtype = "ARTICLE",
issn = "1533-4880",
eissn = "1533-4899",
url = "https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/asp/jnn/2008/00000008/00000001/art00012",
doi = "doi:10.1166/jnn.2008.N13",
keyword = "FERROMAGNETISM, ZNCOO, NANOWIRES, SIZE EFFECT, DILUTED MAGNETIC SEMICONDUCTOR",
author = "Jian, Wen-Bin and Chen, I-Jan and Liao, Tai-Ching and Ou, Yi-Ching and Nien, Cheng-Hsun and Wu, Zhong-Yi and Chen, Fu-Rong and Kai, Ji-Jung and Lin, Juhn-Jong",
abstract = "Diameter controllable ZnO nanowires have been fabricated by thermal evaporation (vapor transport) with various sizes of gold nanoparticles as catalysts. Diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS) Zn1x
Co
x
O nanowires were then made by high energy Co
ion implantation. The as-implanted and the argon-annealed Zn1x
Co
x
O nanowires displayed weak ferromagnetism while the high-vacuum annealed nanowires exhibited strong ferromagnetic ordering at room temperature. Size dependent behavior has been observed
in the magnetic field and temperature dependences of magnetization. The shrinkage of the nanowire diameter reduced the spontaneous magnetization as well as the hysteresis loops. Field cooled and zero-field cooled magnetization and coercivity measurements were performed between 2 and 300 K
to study the evolution of magnetism from the weak to the strong ferromagnetic states. In particular, superparamagnetic features were observed and shown to be intrinsic characteristics of the DMS Zn1x
Co
x
O nanowires. The room-temperature spontaneous
magnetization of individual Zn1x
Co
x
O nanowires was also established by using magnetic force microscope measurements.",
}