Authors: Schneider, Jordan¹; Card, George²; Pfau, Jean¹; Holian, Andrij¹

Source: Inhalation Toxicology, Volume 17, Number 14, December 15 2005 , pp. 871-877(7)

Publisher: Informa Healthcare

Abstract:

Particulates in air pollution have been strongly associated with asthma symptoms. These particulates are a conglomeration of many components, including metals, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and lipopolysaccharide, that may cause oxidative stress upon uptake by alveolar macrophages. The objective of this study was to assess whether uptake of a model air particulate (SRM 1648) causes oxidative stress in macrophages resulting in the production of the eicosanoid mediator prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) that might exacerbate asthma. SRM 1648 suspended in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was introduced into wells with plated RAW 264.7 monocyte/macrophages. Following incubation of SRM 1648 with RAW 264.7 macrophages, prostaglandin E 2 was measured by enzyme immunosorbent assay (EIA), and oxidative stress was assessed by the levels of intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as by the oxidation of dihydrodichlorofluorescein (H 2 DCFDA) to the fluorescent dichlorofluoresecein (DCF). The results indicated that SRM 1648 caused oxidative stress in RAW 264.7 macrophages, as shown by a compensatory increase in GSH levels in comparison to the controls of titanium dioxide and media alone. Prostaglandin E 2 levels significantly increased at the 3-, 6-, and 12-h time points. Introduction of GSH ester to buffer against oxidative stress was able to block the elevation of PGE 2 . The data show that SRM 1648 causes oxidative stress in RAW 264.7 macrophages resulting in formation of the potential Th2 mediator prostaglandin E 2 .

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08958370500244498

Affiliations: 1: Center for Environmental Health Sciences, University of Montana, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Missoula, Montana, USA 2: Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA

Publication date: 2005-12-01

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