Bacterial tracheitis: A multi-centre perspective

Authors: Tebruegge, Marc¹; Pantazidou, Anastasia²; Thorburn, Kent³; Riordan, Andrew⁴; Round, Jonathan⁵; De Munter, Claudine⁶; Walters, Sam⁷; Curtis, Nigel²

Source: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 41, Number 8, 2009 , pp. 548-557(10)

Publisher: Informa Healthcare

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By this author: Tebruegge, Marc ; Pantazidou, Anastasia ; Thorburn, Kent ; Riordan, Andrew ; Round, Jonathan ; De Munter, Claudine ; Walters, Sam ; Curtis, Nigel

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Abstract:

The published literature on bacterial tracheitis is limited. We report the first multi-centre study of bacterial tracheitis together with a concise review of the literature. We conducted a retrospective study of cases admitted during the period 1993-2007 to 3 tertiary paediatric centres in the United Kingdom and 1 in Australia. A total of 34 cases were identified. 31 patients (91%) required intubation. Complications included cardiorespiratory arrest in 1, ARDS in 1, hypotension in 10, toxic shock syndrome in 1 and renal failure in 1 patient(s). Staphylococcus aureus was the most commonly implicated bacterial organism, isolated from the respiratory tract in 55.8% of the cases overall. Other pathogens commonly isolated from the respiratory tract included Streptococcus pyogenes (5.9%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (11.8%) and Haemophilus influenzae (11.8%). Viral coinfection was identified in 9 (31%) of the 29 cases in whom immunofluorescence testing was performed (influenza A in 4 cases; parainfluenza 1 in 2 cases; parainfluenza 3 in 2 cases; adenovirus in 1 case). The combined experience from 4 major paediatric intensive care units suggests that bacterial tracheitis remains a rare condition with an estimated incidence of approximately 0.1/100,000 children per year. Short-term complications were common but long-term sequelae were rare. There were no fatal outcomes, which contrasts with the high historical mortality rates and likely reflects improvements in intensive care management.

Document Type: Research article

DOI: 10.1080/00365540902913478

Affiliations: 1: From the Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne & Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of General Medicine & Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Australia,Paediatric Infectious Diseases, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK 2: From the Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne & Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of General Medicine & Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Australia 3: Departments of Paediatric Intensive Care, 4: Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital (Alder Hey), Liverpool, UK 5: Department of Paediatric Intensive Care, St. George's University Hospital, London, UK 6: Departments of Paediatric Intensive Care,Imperial College Medical School, London, UK 7: Paediatric Infectious Diseases, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK,Imperial College Medical School, London, UK