Authors: Faiz, Ambarina S.¹; Demissie, Kitaw¹; Rich, David Q.²; Kruse, Lakota³; Rhoads, George G.¹

Source: Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, Volume 25, Number 6, June 2012 , pp. 699-705(7)

Publisher: Informa Healthcare

Abstract:

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to examine the trends in the rates of stillbirth by race and ethnicity and to determine the risk factors of stillbirth. Methods: We used New Jersey data (1997-2005) for live births and fetal deaths. Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the risk of stillbirth associated with maternal risk factors and pregnancy complications. Results: The rate of stillbirth was 4.4/1000 total births (3.4 for white and 7.9 for black non-Hispanics and 4.4 for Hispanics/1000 total births). The rates of stillbirth decreased from 3.8 in 1997 to 2.7/1000 total births in 2005 for white non-Hispanics but remained unchanged for other race/ethnicity groups. Adjusted relative risks for the risk factors associated with stillbirth were 1.3 (95% CI, 1.2-1.4) for maternal age ≥ 35 years, 1.9 (95% CI, 1.7-2.1) for black non-Hispanics, 2.8 (95% CI, 2.4-3.3) for no prenatal care, 40.2 (95% CI, 36.9-43.9) for placental abruption, 5.3 (95% CI, 3.4-8.2) for eclampsia, 3.5 (95% CI, 2.8-4.3) for diabetes mellitus and 1.7 (95% CI, 1.3-2.2) for preeclampsia. Conclusion: There was a decline in the rate of stillbirth but there were persistent racial disparities with the highest rates of stillbirth for black non-Hispanics.

Keywords: Etiology of stillbirth; fetal death; trends of stillbirth; risk factors of stillbirth

Document Type: Research article

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14767058.2011.596593

Affiliations: 1: 1School of Public Health, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA 2: 2School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA 3: 3Division of Family Health Services, New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Trenton, NJ, USA

Publication date: 2012-06-01

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