Authors: Sutton L.¹; Sayer G.P.²; Bajuk B.¹; Richardson V.¹; Berry G.³; Henderson-Smart D.J.⁴

Source: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, Volume 80, Number 10, 1 October 2001 , pp. 917-925(9)

Publisher: Informa Healthcare

Abstract:

Aims.

1. Ascertain antenatal and intrapartum risk factors for term neonates ventilated primarily for respiratory problems. 2. Describe the neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Methods.

Population-based case control cohort study.

Setting.

Sydney and four large rural/urban Health Areas in New South Wales, 1996.

Subjects.

Singleton term infants, no major congenital anomaly: subset of 99 infants ventilated primarily for respiratory problems from 182 cases admitted to a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit () for mechanical ventilation, and 550 randomly selected controls.

Outcome.

Risk factors for case status by maternal, antenatal, labor, delivery, and combined epochs, adjusted Odds Ratios (OR), 95 per cent Confidence Intervals (), p<0.05.

Results.

Predictors of case status by multivariate epochs: mother’s age 35 years (1.9 (1.1, 3.2) p=0.03), primigravida (1.8 (1.1, 2.8) p=0.01), any antenatal complication (3.8 (2.4, 5.9) p=0.0001), birth weight <3rd percentile (3.7 (1.5, 9.1) p=0.006), gestational diabetes (2.9 (1.3, 6.9) p=0.01), maternal pyrexia (6.5 (1.6, 27.2) p=0.01), birth weight >90th percentile (1.8 (1.01, 3.2) p=0.047), gestation 37–38 weeks (2.3 (1.5, 3.6) p=0.0004), forceps (4.4 (2.1, 9.1) p=0.0001), elective cesarean section (3.7 (2.0, 6.5) p=0.0001), emergency cesarean section (4.5 (2.4, 8.4) p=0.0001). Case mortality rate was 5 per cent.

Conclusion.

The pathways to neonatal respiratory morbidity in term infants are multifactorial. Several areas which warrant more in-depth study are: elective cesarean section at 37–38 weeks gestation, fetal growth restriction, macrosomia and the pattern of in-utero growth, maternal weight gain during pregnancy, gestational diabetes, pyrexia in labor and the role of chorioamnionitis.

Keywords: neonatal intensive care; risk factors for mechanical ventilation; term neonate

Document Type: Original article

Affiliations: 1: From the New South Wales Neonatal Intensive Care Units’ Data Collection (NICUS), the 2: Family Medicine Research Unit, Department of General Practice, University of Sydney, the 3: Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Sydney and the 4: Centre for Perinatal Health Services Research, the

Publication date: 2001-10-01

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