Post-Traumatic Stress Reactions before the Advent of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder - Potential Effects on the Lives and Legacies of Alexander the Great, Captain James Cook, Emily Dickinson, and Florence Nightingale

Authors: Mackowiak, Philip A.¹; Batten, Sonja V.²

Source: Military Medicine, Volume 173, Number 12, December 2008 , pp. 1158-1163(6)

Publisher: AMSUS - Association of Military Surgeons of the U.S.

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Abstract:

Evidence is presented that Alexander the Great, Captain James Cook, Emily Dickinson, and Florence Nightingale each developed symptoms consistent with post-traumatic stress disorder in the aftermath of repeated potentially traumatizing events of differing character. Their case histories also varied with respect to background, premorbid personality style, risk factors, clinical presentation, and course of the illness, illustrating the pleomorphic character of the disorder, as well as the special problems in diagnosing it in historical figures.

Document Type: Research article

Affiliations: 1: Medical Care Clinical Center-111, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD 21201. 2: Mental Health Clinical Center, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD 21201.

Publication date: 2008-12-01

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Military Medicine is the Association's official monthly journal. The objective of the Journal is to promote awareness of Federal medicine by providing a forum for responsible discussion of common ideas and problems relevant to Federal healthcare. Its mission is: To increase healthcare education by providing scientific and other information to its readers; to facilitate communication; and to offer a prestige publication for members' writings.
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