Diacetyl-Induced Lung Disease

Authors: Harber, Philip; Saechao, Kaochoy; Boomus, Catherine

Source: Toxicological Reviews, Volume 25, Number 4, 2006 , pp. 261-272(12)

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Abstract:

Diacetyl is a diketone flavouring agent that is commonly employed for buttery taste as well as other purposes. Industrial exposure to flavouring agents, particularly diacetyl, has recently been associated with bronchiolitis obliterans, a severe respiratory illness producing fibrosis and obstruction of the small airways. This has been most commonly reported in the microwave popcorn production industry, but it has occurred elsewhere. In addition to bronchiolitis obliterans, spirometry abnormalities (fixed airflow obstruction) and respiratory symptoms have been associated with exposure. A direct effect on the respiratory epithelium with the disorganised fibrotic repair appears most likely as the underlying mechanism. Current data suggest that diacetyl is the agent responsible, although it is possible that diacetyl is simply a marker for another causative agent.

Keywords: Bronchiolitis obliterans; Dose response; Lung disorders; Occupational industrial poisoning

Document Type: Review article

Affiliations: 1: Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA

Publication date: 2006-01-01